Salt water crocodile

Salt water crocodile
Salt water crocodile is the biggest crocodile in the world. Salt water crocodile have world second strongest jaws. It found in north  Australia.

Taxonomy and Evolution

 Incomplete fossil records make it difficult to accurately trace the emergence of the species. The genome was fully sequenced in 2007. The earliest fossil evidence of the species date to around 2 million years ago. and there are no known subspecies. Scientists estimate that Crocodylus porosus is an ancient species that could have diverged anywhere from 39 and 9 million years ago.

Distribution and habitat

In northern Australia (which includes the northernmost parts of the Northern Territory, Western Australia, and Queensland), the saltwater crocodile is thriving, particularly in the multiple river systems near Darwin (such as the Adelaide, Mary, and Daly Rivers, along with their adjacent billabongs andestuaries), where large individuals of more than 5 m (16 ft) in length are not uncommon. The saltwater crocodile population in Australia is estimated at between 100,000 and 200,000 adults.

Biology and behavior

While most crocodilians are social animals sharing basking spots and food, salties are more territorial and are less tolerant of their own kind; adult males will share territory with females, but drive off rival males. Saltwater crocodiles mate in the wet season, laying eggs in a nest made into a mound of mud and vegetation. The female guards the nest and hatchlings from predators.

Hunting and diet

Hatchlings are restricted to feeding on smaller animals, such as small fish, frogs, insects and small aquatic invertebrates. In addition to these prey items, juveniles also take a variety of freshwater and saltwater fish, variousamphibians, crustaceans, molluscs, such as large gastropods and cephalopods, birds, small to medium-sized mammals, and otherreptiles, such as snakes and lizards. The larger the animal grows, the greater the variety of animals it includes in its diet, although relatively small prey are taken throughout the lifetime of a crocodile even as an adult. Among crustacean prey, large mud crabs of the genus Scylla are frequently consumed especially in mangrove habitats. Ground-living birds, such as emu and different kinds of water birds, are the most commonly preyed upon birds, due to the increased chance of encounter.

Conservation status

• Appendix I (prohibiting all commercial trade in the species or its byproducts): All wild populations except for those of Australia, Indonesia and Papua New Guinea
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• Appendix II (commercial trade allowed with export permit; import permits may or may not be required depending on the laws of the importing country): Australia, Indonesia and Papua New Guinea wild populations, plus all worldwide populations bred in captivity for commercial purposes
  

prey & enemies

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Eastern diamondback rattlesnake

 Eastern diamondback rattlesnake
Eastern diamondback rattlesnake is the north america's poisonous snake. In a year 300 people dead in his bite. It have a rattle.

Geographic range

C. adamanteus is found in the southeastern United States from southeastern North Carolina, south along the coastal plain through peninsular Florida to the Florida Keys, and west along the Gulf Coast through southern Alabama and Mississippi to southeastern Louisiana. The original description for the species does not include a type locality, although Schmidt (1953) proposed it be restricted to "Charleston, South Carolina" 

Conservation status

This species is currently under review for being added to the Endangered Species List by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service due to their recent declines, and their current population represents only 3% of their historical population.

Behavior

Like most rattlesnakes, this species is terrestrial and not adept at climbing. However, they have on occasion been reported in bushes and trees, apparently in search of prey. Even large specimens have been spotted as high as 10 m above the ground.

Feeding

 As the juveniles are capable of swallowing adult mice, even they do not often resort to eating slimmer prey, such as lizards. In fact, eastern cottontails and marsh rabbits (Sylvilagus) form the bulk of their diets in most parts of Florida. Squirrels, rats, and mice are also eaten, along with birds such as towhees and bobwhite quail.

prey & enemies

prey

enemies

SAVE ANIMALS

—It's super-easy to help animals, no matter how old you are. Check out how Save Animals to get a jump-start on making a huge difference in the lives of animal everywhere: Animals are alive for their own reasons, not to entertain us. Animals in movies, circuses, and zoos are denied everything that is natural and important to them. They will never be allowed to hang out with their families, graze, or do anything that they would do in the wild. Refuse to support this cruelty by never going to a zoo, marine park, or circus that uses animals. If your class is planning on dissecting any animal, ask your teacher for a humane alternative assignment, such as using a computer program to perform a virtual dissection. An animal will be saved, and you will actually learn and remember way more! Check out more info on how to get a dissection alternative at your school.

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Kangaroo

Kangaroo
Kangaroo is belong to a group of animals called mammals . It's found in Australia . In Australia it is not many people than Kangaroo .

Taxonomy

The eastern grey kangaroo (Macropus giganteus) is less well-known than the red (outside of Australia), but the most often seen, as its range covers the fertile eastern part of the country. The range of the Eastern Grey Kangaroo extends from the top of the Cape York Peninsula in north Queensland down to Victoria, as well as areas of south-eastern Australia and Tasmania. Population densities of Eastern Grey Kangaroos usually peak near 100 per km² in suitable habitats of open woodlands. Populations are more limited in areas of land clearance, such as farmland, where forest and woodland habitats are limited in size or abundance.

Adaptations

The female kangaroo is usually pregnant in permanence, except on the day she gives birth; however, she has the ability to freeze the development of an embryo until the previous joey is able to leave the pouch. This is known as diapause, and will occur in times of drought and in areas with poor food sources. The composition of the milk produced by the mother varies according to the needs of the joey. In addition, the mother is able to produce two different kinds of milk simultaneously for the newborn and the older joey still in the pouch.

Predators

Wedge-tailed eagles and other raptors usually eat kangaroo carrion. Goannas and other carnivorous reptiles also pose a danger to smaller kangaroo species when other food sources are lacking.

enemies

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Peregrine falcon

 peregrine falcon
 peregrine falcon is the world fastest animal. He dives 200 km/h . He eats mice, & other birds.

    

Taxonomy 

he Peregrine Falcon belongs to a genus whose lineage includes the hierofalcons and the Prairie Falcon (F. mexicanus). This lineage probably diverged from other falcons towards the end of the Late Miocene or in the Early Pliocene, about 5–8 million years ago (mya).

Ecology and behavior

The Peregrine Falcon is host to a range of parasites and pathogens. It is a vector for Avipoxvirus, Newcastle disease virus, Falconid herpesvirus 1 (and possibly other Herpesviridae), and some mycoses and bacterial infections. Endoparasites include Plasmodium relictum (usually not causing malaria in the Peregrine Falcon), Strigeidae trematodes, Serratospiculum amaculata (nematode), andtapeworms. Known Peregrine Falcon ectoparasites are chewing lice, Ceratophyllus garei (a flea), and Hippoboscidae flies (Icosta nigra, Ornithoctona erythrocephala).

  

Reproduction

During the breeding season, the Peregrine Falcon is territorial; nesting pairs are usually more than 1 km (0.62 mi) apart, and often much farther, even in areas with large numbers of pairs. The distance between nests ensures sufficient food supply for pairs and their chicks. Within a breeding territory, a pair may have several nesting ledges; the number used by a pair can vary from one or two to seven in a 16 year period.

habitat

• Falco peregrinus pelegrinoides, first described by Temminck in 1829, is found in the Canary Islands through north Africa and theNear East to Mesopotamia. It is most similar to brookei, but is markedly paler above, with a rusty neck, and is a light buff with reduced barring below. It is smaller than the nominate subspecies; females weigh around 610 grams (1.34 lb)
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prey & enemies

prey

enemies

SAVE ANIMALS

—It's super-easy to help animals, no matter how old you are. Check out how Save Animals to get a jump-start on making a huge difference in the lives of animal everywhere: Animals are alive for their own reasons, not to entertain us. Animals in movies, circuses, and zoos are denied everything that is natural and important to them. They will never be allowed to hang out with their families, graze, or do anything that they would do in the wild. Refuse to support this cruelty by never going to a zoo, marine park, or circus that uses animals. If your class is planning on dissecting any animal, ask your teacher for a humane alternative assignment, such as using a computer program to perform a virtual dissection. An animal will be saved, and you will actually learn and remember way more! Check out more info on how to get a dissection alternative at your school.

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Golden eagle

Golden eagle
Golden eagle is a raptor . It has strong vision .He can see a object from 3 km. He eat mice, rabbit and even deer.

Description

Adults are primarily dark brown in color, with a paler, typically golden color (the source of the species’ common name) on the back of the crown and nape, and some grey on the inner-wing and tail.

Taxonomy and systematics

Genetic research has recently indicated the Golden Eagle is included in a clade with Verreaux's Eagle in Africa as well as the Gurney's Eagle (A. gurneyi) and the Wedge-tailed Eagle (clearly part of an Australasian radiation of the lineage). This identification of this particular clade has long been suspected based on similar morphological characteristics amongst these large-bodied species.

Subspecies and distribution

Aquila chrysaetos chrysaetos (Linnaeus, 1758) – sometimes referred to as the European Golden Eagle. This is the nominate subspecies. This subspecies is found almost throughout Europe including the British Isles (mainly in Scotland), a lion’s share ofScandinavia, southern and northernmost France, Italy and Austria. In Eastern Europe, the race is found from Estonia to Romania,Greece, Serbia and Bulgaria in southeastern Europe. It is also distributed through European Russia, reportedly reaching itself eastern limit around the Yenisei River in Russia, also ranging south at a similar longitude into western Kazakhstan and northernIran. Male wing length is from 56.5 to 67 cm (22.2 to 26 in), averaging 62 cm (24 in), and female wing length is from 61.5 to 71.2 cm (24.2 to 28.0 in), averaging 67 cm (26 in). Males weigh from 2.8 to 4.6 kg (6.2 to 10 lb), averaging 3.69 kg (8.1 lb), and females weigh from 3.8 to 6.7 kg (8.4 to 15 lb), averaging 5.17 kg (11.4 lb). The male of this race has a wingspan of 1.89 to 2.15 m (6 ft 2 in to 7 ft 1 in), with an average of 2.02 m (6 ft 8 in), with the female’s typical wingspan range is 2.12 to 2.2 m (6 ft 11 in to 7 ft 3 in), with an average of 2.16 m (7 ft 1 in). This is a medium-sized subspecies and is the palest race. As opposed to Golden Eagles found further east in Eurasia, the adults of this race are a tawny golden-brown on the upper-side. The nape patch is often gleaming golden in color and the feathers here are exceptionally long.

Habitat

 Golden Eagle habitat is temperate desert-like mountain ranges surrounded by steppe landscapes interspersed with forest. Here the climate is colder and more continental than around the Mediterranean. Golden Eagles occupy the alpine ranges from the Altai Mountains and the Pamir Mountains to Tibet, in the great Himalayan massif, and northwestern China, where they occupy the Tien Shan range. In these mountain ragnes, the species often lives at very high elevations, living above tree line at more than 2,500 m (8,200 ft), often nesting in rocky scree and hunting in adjacent meadows. In Tibet, Golden Eagles inhabit high ridges and passes in the Lhasa River watershed, where it regularly joins groups of soaring Himalayan Vultures (Gyps himalayensis). One Golden Eagle was recorded circling at 6,190 m (20,310 ft) above sea-level in Khumbu in May 1975. In the mountains of Japan and Korea, the Golden Eagle occupies deciduous scrub woodland and carpet-like stands of Siberian Dwarf Pine (Pinus pumila) that merge into grasslands and alpine heathland. 

prey & enemies

prey

enemies

SAVE ANIMALS

—It's super-easy to help animals, no matter how old you are. Check out how Save Animals to get a jump-start on making a huge difference in the lives of animal everywhere: Animals are alive for their own reasons, not to entertain us. Animals in movies, circuses, and zoos are denied everything that is natural and important to them. They will never be allowed to hang out with their families, graze, or do anything that they would do in the wild. Refuse to support this cruelty by never going to a zoo, marine park, or circus that uses animals. If your class is planning on dissecting any animal, ask your teacher for a humane alternative assignment, such as using a computer program to perform a virtual dissection. An animal will be saved, and you will actually learn and remember way more! Check out more info on how to get a dissection alternative at your school.

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