Giant cuttlefish

Giant cuttlefish

Giant cuttlefish  is found in southern Australia .It can change his color . It's swimming like a helicopter and he catching prey very fast.

Physiology and biochemistry

Sepia apama is a neritic demersal species. They are carnivorous, opportunistic and voracious predators who feed predominantly on crustaceans and fish. Using neurally controlled cells known as chromatophoreorgans (red to yellow), iridophores (iridescent: spans the entire visible spectrum from blue to near-IR) andleucophores (white), the cuttlefish can put on spectacular displays, changing colour and patterns in a fraction of a second. Located in three layers under the skin, leucophores make up the bottom layer, with chromatophores the outermost. By selective blocking, the three layers work together to produce polarised patterns. Unlike those in most animals, cuttlefish iridophores are physiologically active; they can change their reflectivity and the degree of polarization can also be controlled. Cuttlefish are colourblind, however the photoreceptors of cuttlefish eyes are arranged in a way which gives them the ability to see the linear polarization of light.

Upper Spencer Gulf population

The Sepia apama upper Spencer Gulf population displays two alternative life cycles in both sexes (growth pattern polymorphism). The first involves rapid growth with maturity reached in seven to eight months with small adults returning to spawn in the first year. The second involves slow growth with maturity reached in two years with large adults returning to spawn in the second year.

Effect of local industrialisation

BHP Billiton has plans to build a desalination plant at Point Lowly to supply fresh water to Roxby Downs copper and uranium mine. The plant, located within 200 metres (660 ft) of the breeding grounds, would release around 120 megalitres (32,000,000 US gal) of brine (46–60 ppt) into the area each day. 

PREY AND ENEMIES

prey

enemies

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